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Abstract
Foreign arbitrators in Indonesia have never been questioned before with regard to their status or legality. The main aim of this article was to analyze the status of foreign arbitrators in the light of the recent Supreme Court of Indonesia’s decision on the PT. Timas Suplindo case (2017). The method used in this article was descriptive-normative of the subject analyzed supported by the case-law, in particular the decision of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Indonesia concerning the issue of foreign arbitrator. This article concluded, while there is an absence of regulation concerning the status of foreign arbitrator in Indonesia, the parties should include and state the legality of the foreign arbitrator in their arbitration clause. This article also recommended, the Arbitration Law should be supplemented with the provision on the status of foreign arbitrator in the future amendment of the Law.
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References
- Buku:
- Barrett, Jerome T. dan Joseph P. Barrett, A History of Alternative Dispute Resolution: The Story of a Political, Cultural, and Social Movement, Jossey-Bass: San Fransisco, 2004.
- Boyd, Stewart C., “The role of national law and the national courts in England,” dalam: Julian D.M. Lew (ed.), Contemporary Problems in International Arbitration, Springer: Dordrecht, 1987.
- Catharina Ria Budiningsih, Perjalanan Hukum Arbitrase Indonesia Hingga disahkannya Undang Undang Nomor 30 Tahun 1999 tentang Arbitrase dan Alternatif Penyelesaian Sengketa, Lembaga Penelitian Universitas Katolik Parahyangan: Bandung, 1999.
- David, Rene, Arbitration in International Trade, Kluwer: Deventer, 1985.
- Dore, Isaak I., Arbitration and Conciliation under the UNCIRAL Arbitration Rules: Textual Analysis, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers: Boston, 1986.
- Draetta, Ugo, Behind the Scene in International Arbitration, New York: Juris, 2011.
- Garner, Bryan A. (ed.), Black’s Law Dictionary, Thomson Reuters: St. Paul MN., 9th.ed., 2009.
- Huala Adolf, Arbitrase Komersial Internasional, Jakarta: Rajawali pers, cet. 3, 2003.
- Huala Adolf, Hukum Arbitrase Komersial Internasional, Keni Media: Bandung, cet. 2, 2016.
- Huala Adolf, Instrumen-instrumen Hukum tentang Arbitrase, Keni Media: Bandung, 2022.
- Mochtar Kusuma-Atmadja, “Kata Pengantar”, dalam: Arthur Nussbaum dan Sum Suhaedi Admawiria, Sedjarah Hukum Internasional, Binacipta: Bandung, 1969.
- Mr. R. Kresna, Peradilan di Indonesia: Dari Abad ke Abad, Pradnya Paramita: Jakarta, 1978.
- Sanders, Pieter, “The Birth of the School of International Arbitration”, in: Lew, Julian D.M. (ed.), Contemporary Problems in International Arbitration, Springer: Dordrecht, 1987.
- Sanders, Pieter, The History of the New York Convention,” in: A.J. van den Berg ed., Improving the Efficiency of Arbitration Agreements and Awards: 40 Years of Application of the New York Convention, ICCA Congress Series No. 9, Paris 1998, Kluwer Law International, 11 (1999);
- Schwab, Klaus, The Fourth Industrial Revolution, Portfolio: U.K., Penguin, 2017.
- Stephen, Sir Ninian, Historical Origins of Arbitration, Delivered at the Institute’s Conference in Darwin, The Arbitrator, August, 1991, May 1991.
- UNCITRAL, Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards (New York, 1958), United Nations: New York, 2015.
- UNCTAD, Dispute Settlement: International Commercial Arbitration, United Nations: New York, 2005.
- Jurnal:
- Cantner, Daniel dan Megan Ford ”A Brief History of Arbitration.” 48. Sum. Brief 58, American Bar Association (2019).
- Emerson, Frank D., “History of Arbitration Practice and Law,” 19 Clev. St. L. Rev. 157 (1970)
- Huala Adolf, ”Evaluasi Penyelenggaraan Persidangan Arbitrase Secara Elektronik,“ Indonesian Arbitration Quartely Newsletter, No. 13 Vol. 3, September 2021.
- Peraturan Perundang-undangan
- 1. Internasional
- UNCITRAL Arbitration Rules 1976
- UNCITRAL Model Law on International Commercial Arbitration tahun 1985
- New York Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards (1958)
- 2. Nasional:
- UU Nomor 30 Tahun 1999 tentang Arbitrase dan Alternatif Penyelesaian Sengketa
- Reglemen Hukum Acara Perdata tahun 1847 (Reglement op de Rechtsvordering)
- Keputusan Presiden Nomor 34 Tahun 1981 tentang Mengesahkan “Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral awards”, yang Telah Ditandatangani di New York pada tanggal 10 Juni 1958 dan Telah berlaku pada Tanggal 7 Juni 1959.
- Sumber Lainnya - Website:
- (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/League_of_Nations#:~:text=It%20began%20with%20four%20permanent,Brazil%2C%20Greece%2C%20and%20Spain.
- “Digitalisasi 4.0 Cara Efisien Tingkatkan Pasar Ekspor UMKM”. https://aptika.kominfo.go.id/2022/10/digitalisasi-4-0-cara-efisien-tingkatkan-pasar-ekspor-umkm/)
- Http: piccr.com.ph.
- Http: thac.or.th.
- Http: www.baniarbitration.org.
- http://www.uncitral.org.
- Https: cccwbo.org
- Https: cccwbo.org.
- Https: wwww.britannica.com; en.wikipedia.org.
- Https://uncitral.un.org/en/texts/arbitration/conventions/foreign_arbitral_awards/-status2.
- Https://uncitral.un.org/en/texts/arbitration/modellaw/commercial_arbitration/status.
- Https://www.etymonline.com/word/arbitration. (Download 2022 Okt 12am).
References
Buku:
Barrett, Jerome T. dan Joseph P. Barrett, A History of Alternative Dispute Resolution: The Story of a Political, Cultural, and Social Movement, Jossey-Bass: San Fransisco, 2004.
Boyd, Stewart C., “The role of national law and the national courts in England,” dalam: Julian D.M. Lew (ed.), Contemporary Problems in International Arbitration, Springer: Dordrecht, 1987.
Catharina Ria Budiningsih, Perjalanan Hukum Arbitrase Indonesia Hingga disahkannya Undang Undang Nomor 30 Tahun 1999 tentang Arbitrase dan Alternatif Penyelesaian Sengketa, Lembaga Penelitian Universitas Katolik Parahyangan: Bandung, 1999.
David, Rene, Arbitration in International Trade, Kluwer: Deventer, 1985.
Dore, Isaak I., Arbitration and Conciliation under the UNCIRAL Arbitration Rules: Textual Analysis, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers: Boston, 1986.
Draetta, Ugo, Behind the Scene in International Arbitration, New York: Juris, 2011.
Garner, Bryan A. (ed.), Black’s Law Dictionary, Thomson Reuters: St. Paul MN., 9th.ed., 2009.
Huala Adolf, Arbitrase Komersial Internasional, Jakarta: Rajawali pers, cet. 3, 2003.
Huala Adolf, Hukum Arbitrase Komersial Internasional, Keni Media: Bandung, cet. 2, 2016.
Huala Adolf, Instrumen-instrumen Hukum tentang Arbitrase, Keni Media: Bandung, 2022.
Mochtar Kusuma-Atmadja, “Kata Pengantar”, dalam: Arthur Nussbaum dan Sum Suhaedi Admawiria, Sedjarah Hukum Internasional, Binacipta: Bandung, 1969.
Mr. R. Kresna, Peradilan di Indonesia: Dari Abad ke Abad, Pradnya Paramita: Jakarta, 1978.
Sanders, Pieter, “The Birth of the School of International Arbitration”, in: Lew, Julian D.M. (ed.), Contemporary Problems in International Arbitration, Springer: Dordrecht, 1987.
Sanders, Pieter, The History of the New York Convention,” in: A.J. van den Berg ed., Improving the Efficiency of Arbitration Agreements and Awards: 40 Years of Application of the New York Convention, ICCA Congress Series No. 9, Paris 1998, Kluwer Law International, 11 (1999);
Schwab, Klaus, The Fourth Industrial Revolution, Portfolio: U.K., Penguin, 2017.
Stephen, Sir Ninian, Historical Origins of Arbitration, Delivered at the Institute’s Conference in Darwin, The Arbitrator, August, 1991, May 1991.
UNCITRAL, Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards (New York, 1958), United Nations: New York, 2015.
UNCTAD, Dispute Settlement: International Commercial Arbitration, United Nations: New York, 2005.
Jurnal:
Cantner, Daniel dan Megan Ford ”A Brief History of Arbitration.” 48. Sum. Brief 58, American Bar Association (2019).
Emerson, Frank D., “History of Arbitration Practice and Law,” 19 Clev. St. L. Rev. 157 (1970)
Huala Adolf, ”Evaluasi Penyelenggaraan Persidangan Arbitrase Secara Elektronik,“ Indonesian Arbitration Quartely Newsletter, No. 13 Vol. 3, September 2021.
Peraturan Perundang-undangan
1. Internasional
UNCITRAL Arbitration Rules 1976
UNCITRAL Model Law on International Commercial Arbitration tahun 1985
New York Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards (1958)
2. Nasional:
UU Nomor 30 Tahun 1999 tentang Arbitrase dan Alternatif Penyelesaian Sengketa
Reglemen Hukum Acara Perdata tahun 1847 (Reglement op de Rechtsvordering)
Keputusan Presiden Nomor 34 Tahun 1981 tentang Mengesahkan “Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral awards”, yang Telah Ditandatangani di New York pada tanggal 10 Juni 1958 dan Telah berlaku pada Tanggal 7 Juni 1959.
Sumber Lainnya - Website:
(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/League_of_Nations#:~:text=It%20began%20with%20four%20permanent,Brazil%2C%20Greece%2C%20and%20Spain.
“Digitalisasi 4.0 Cara Efisien Tingkatkan Pasar Ekspor UMKM”. https://aptika.kominfo.go.id/2022/10/digitalisasi-4-0-cara-efisien-tingkatkan-pasar-ekspor-umkm/)
Http: piccr.com.ph.
Http: thac.or.th.
Http: www.baniarbitration.org.
http://www.uncitral.org.
Https: cccwbo.org
Https: cccwbo.org.
Https: wwww.britannica.com; en.wikipedia.org.
Https://uncitral.un.org/en/texts/arbitration/conventions/foreign_arbitral_awards/-status2.
Https://uncitral.un.org/en/texts/arbitration/modellaw/commercial_arbitration/status.
Https://www.etymonline.com/word/arbitration. (Download 2022 Okt 12am).