MENYOAL ASPEK PEMIDANAAN PADA KLUSTER LINGKUNGAN DI UNDANG-UNDANG CIPTA KERJA TERHADAP ARAH PEMBANGUNAN BERKELANJUTAN QUESTIONING THE SENTENCING ASPECTS OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL CLUSTER IN THE JOB CREATION LAW ON THE DIRECTION OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
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Abstract
ABSTRAK
Diundangkannya Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2020 tentang Cipta Kerja menimbulkan pelbagai problematika, khususnya terkait pemidanaan perbuatan pada kluster lingkungan. Hal ini berimplikasi pada potensi tidak tercapainya pembangunan berkelanjutan sebagaimana telah dicanangkan dalam Peraturan Presiden Nomor 59 Tahun 2017. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa masalah dan dampak pemidanaan pada kluster lingkungan di UU Cipta Kerja terhadap arah pembangunan berkelanjutan, disebabkan belum optimalnya penegakan hukum pidana lingkungan, pemidanaan yang tumpang tindih, ancaman hukuman tidak proporsional, pengaburan norma pertanggungjawaban mutlak, dan pereduksian pidana korporasi. Hal itu berpotensi menurunkan perlindungan dan pengelolaan lingkungan hidup, karena tidak timbulnya efek jera terpidana pidana lingkungan maupun masyarakat umum dan menurunkan kepatuhan pelaku usaha. Oleh sebab itu, perlu dilakukan upaya penguatan arah pembangunan berkelanjutan dalam pemidanaan tersebut, diantaranya dengan optimalisasi penegakan hukum pidana lingkungan, revisi UU Cipta Kerja dengan mengubah maupun menghapus pasal bermasalah, serta penguatan pengawasan lingkungan hidup. Dengan demikian, upaya pemidanaan dapat berimplikasi signifikan pada upaya perlindungan lingkungan dan tercapainya pembangunan berkelanjutan di Indonesia.
Kata kunci: Pemidanaan; Kluster Lingkungan; UU Cipta Kerja; Pembangunan Berkelanjutan.
ABSTRACT
The enactment of Law Number 11 of 2020 concerning Job Creation has caused various problems, especially related to criminal acts in environmental clusters. This has implications for the potential for not achieving sustainable development as proclaimed in Presidential Regulation Nomor 59 of 2017. The results of this study indicate that the problem and impact of punishment on environmental clusters in the Job Creation Act on the direction of sustainable development, is due to the non-optimal enforcement of environmental criminal law, overlapping penalties, disproportionate punishment threats, blurring of absolute liability norms, and reduction corporate crime. This has the potential to reduce environmental protection and management, because there is no deterrent effect on environmental criminals and the general public and reduces the compliance of business actors. Therefore, it is necessary to make efforts to strengthen the direction of sustainable development in the punishment, including by optimizing environmental criminal law enforcement, revising the Job Creation Law by changing or removing problematic articles, as well as strengthening environmental supervision. Thus, efforts to punish can have significant implications for environmental protection efforts and the achievement of sustainable development in Indonesia.
Keywords: Criminalization; Environmental Clusters; Job Creation Law; Sustainable Development.
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